picking



t e e h s W e e, h S 4 N I K ML M U P WR m T G0 R vm M ME M E G A d 0 M o W No. 405,501. Patented June 18, 1889.

t e e h S m e e h S 4 N I K P. m m WR m T GO R No KM m T M R G q d 0 M 0 W (No Model.) I 4SheetsSheet'3.

G. R. PIOKING 8; W. HOPKINS.

STEAM OR OTHER PUMP- Patented June 18, 1889-.

N. PETERS. Phcla-Ulhagnphev, Wrshingion. D. C.

(No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 4.

G. R. PIGKING & W. HOPKINS.

STEAM OR OTHER PUMP.

No. 405.501. Patented June 18, 1889.

FIG.6.'

IVv PETERS Pbolrrljlhagraphur, Wnhinglon. D. Q

GEORGE GORDON-PICKING AND WILLIAM HOPKINS,

MIDDLESEX, ENGLAND.

PATENT OFFICE.

OF BOW, COUNTY OF STEAM OR OTHER PUMP.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 405,501, dated June 18, 1889.

Application filed March 27, 1888- Serial No. 268,720- (No model.) Patented in England June 10, 1887, No. 8,355.

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that we, GEORGE GORDON PICKING and WILLIAM HOPKINS, engineers, subjects of the Queen of Great Britain, residing at 58 Bow Road, Bow, in the county of lVIicldleseX,Engla11d, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Direct-Act ing Steam or other Pumps, (for which we have obtained a patent in Great Britain, No. 8,355, bearing date June 10, 1887,) of which the following is a specification.

Our invention relates to improvements in direct-acting steam or other pumps or apparatus employed for raising or pumping liquids, air, or gas; and it consists of a novel arrangement of double-acting twin cylinders, pistons, and steam-ports, whereby the pistons of both cylinders are automatically reciprocated and steam distributed to the alternate ends of each other cylinder by the movement of each piston without employing any slide or other valve to distribute the steam, as in pumps in present use, and without the addition of cranks, crank-shaft, fly-wheel, and other ordinary gear.

In carrying out our invention we place the cylinders side by side and make aset of steam and eduction ports in or about the middle of each cylinder leading to the respective ends of the other cylinder. The pistons are hollow and made somewhat longer than the stroke. The steam or other fluid pressure is led to the interior of each piston and is (by the movement of the piston passing the ports in the cylinders) conveyed to the respective ends of the other cylinder, thus causing an automatic and reciprocating motion of both pistons. The pumps in connection with these double cylinders consist (by preference) of two double-acting pumps cast together, with the re spective suctions and deliveries of each connected. The arrangement of ports and passages in the steam-cylinder may be modified, so that the interior of the pistons maybe used for the purpose of exhaust instead of supply, and the present exhaust-ports may be used for steam; but preference is given to the arran gement of working shown by the drawings.

Figure 1 is a plan of a pair of steam-cylinders and pumps attached thereto. I Fig. 2 is a horizontal section of the cylinders and pistons on the line 1 2 of Fig. 3. Fig.3 is a vertical section on the line 3 4 of Fig. 2. Fig. 4 is a vertical section of one of the steam-cyL inderson the .line 5 6 of Fig. 2. horizontal section of the two steam-cylinders with the pistons removed. Fig. 6 is an enlarged end view of oneof the pistons. Fig. 7 is a section on the line 7 S of Fig. 9. Fig.8 is a section on the line 9 10 of Fig. 9. Fig. 9 is a View of the under side of one of the steampistons.

Ct a are the steam-cylinders. pumps. 0 is the steampipe. haust-pipe.

Referring to Figs. 6, 7 8, and 9, e is the body of the piston. ff are the packing-rings. g is the piston-rod passing through a stuffingboX to the pump. 6' is a smaller rod passing through the piston and serving to unite the ends 6 e and secure the packing-rings ff. h h are the steam-passages in the piston, and i t' are the exhaust-cavities. e is a s'teadyingrib uniting the two ends. 6 is a slot in the side of the piston to receivea screw or stud 6 Fig. 3, to preventthe pistons turning on their centers.

In Figs. 2, 3, 4L, and 5 the steam and eduction passages are shown. 7.". is the steam-inlet port in the cylinder 0. leading to the port It at the front end of the cylinder a. Z is the steam-inlet port in the cylinder at leading to the port Z at the back end of the cylinder at. m is the steam-inlet port in the cylinder 0/ leading to the port m at-the front end of the cylinder at. ,m' is the steam-inlet port in the cylinder of leading to the port it at the back end of the cylinder a. o is the eduction-port in the cylinder CL and o is the eduction-port b l) are the d is the er;-

in the cylinder to, both eduction-ports lead-c ing, by means of the passage (1', Fig. 3, to the exhaustpipe (Z. 19 p are small auxiliary passages to admit steam behind the piston after cushioning has taken place.

In the position of the pistons as shown by the drawings steam is entering by the pipe 0 and passage 0 to the inside of both pistons. The cylinder (:1. is full of steam, the piston in a being at rest. Steam is passing through the port h, k, and k to the front end of the Fig. 5 is a piston in the cylinder at. The exhauststeam behind the same piston in cylinder a is passing out by the port Z to the port 1 in the cylinder a and by the cavity c' to the eduetionport 0, passage (1, and pipe (Z. The steam thus drives back the piston in the cylinder a, the piston in a remaining stationary until the piston in a has completed its back-stroke. When the piston in a has completed its backstroke, steam is admitted in. a similar manner to that above described through the port h in the piston in a and through the port at to the port it, behind the piston in a, the steam in front of the piston in a being exhausted through the ports m and m cavity 2', eduction-port and passage cl. The piston in a is thus driven forward, Whilethat in a remains stationary, and so on, the cycle of op erations continuing as long as steam is admitted to the cylinders. The pistons are cushioned at each end of the cylinders by their overlapping the ports 1-, 75,11, and 'm, and the pistons are again started on their returnstroke by means of a small supply of steam passing through the small channels p p, whereby total stoppage of the engine is prevented.

What We claim is 1. The twin cylinders a a, each having four ports, two at the middle leading to the opposite ends of the adjacent cylinder and two at the ends leading to the middle of such adjacent cylinder, a steam-inlet at the middle of and common to both cylinders, and a transverse exhaust-passage at the middle of and common to both cylinders, in combination with the hollow pistons forming steam-chests open to the full pressure of steam inside thereof, said pistons having ports h 71 i iiand steam-cushioned at each end of the cylinders, as set forth, and a steam-port p at each end of each cylinder to supply steam behind the pistons after the steam-cushioning for the return-strokes of the pistons,substantially as described. 4

2. The twin cylinders a a, having, respectively, the eduction-ports 0 0 at the middle-of their length, a transverse passage d, under and common to both said ports, the ports ll, 11 n, 70 7t, and m an, arranged diagonally, as described and shown, and the steam-pipe 0,

common to both cylinders, in combination With the hollow pistons serving as steamchests, receiving the full steam-pressure inside thereof direct from the steam-pipe and steam-cushioned at each end of the cylinders, each piston having two end ports 7'1, 71, located at opposite sides of a central longitudinal line, and-eXl1a-ustoavities i i and a port 19 at each end of each cylinder to admit a small supply of steam behind the pistons after the steam-cushioning thereof for their returnstrokes, substantially as described.

Dated this 6th day of March, 1888. GEORGE GORDON PICKING.

WILLIAM HOPKINS. \Vitnesses:

GEORGE O. DOWNING, 8 Quality Ct, London, W O. WALTER J. SKERTEN, 17 Graeechurch Street, London, E. O. 

